Optimizing Workforce Planning for Large-Scale STOs

Jordy Palit
Jordy Palit
June 19, 2025

A professional monitoring workforce planning on a mobile device during a shutdown, turnaround, or outage event.

In asset-intensive industries as oil and gas, petrochemicals, energy, and mining, Shutdowns, Turnarounds, and Outages (STOs) are critical yet complex undertakings. These events require careful coordination, extensive labor, and tight scheduling, often involving hundreds of workers over a concentrated time frame. The success of an STO can directly impact operational continuity, safety, and profitability.

One of the most critical success factors? Workforce planning!

Why effective workforce planning is critical for STO success

Unlike routine operations, STOs compress months of work into a few weeks, which creates enormous pressure on labor logistics, from hiring and training to scheduling and deployment. Poor workforce planning can result in:

  • Cost overruns from idle labor or last-minute hires
  • Project delays due to skill mismatches or scheduling conflicts
  • Safety risks from fatigued or inadequately trained personnel
  • Compliance violations in highly regulated environments

Key strategies for optimizing workforce planning

1. Start early and align with the STO scope

Effective workforce planning begins with a clear understanding of the scope. What tasks need to be completed? What specialties are required? How many shifts are needed? By aligning labor needs with the actual scope of work, you can create create an early and accurate forecast of workforce demand.

Tip: Use historical data from previous STOs to estimate headcount, skill sets, and durations more precisely.

2. Use Integrated planning tools

Manual spreadsheets and disconnected systems won’t contribute to a successful STO event. Instead, use integrated workforce planning platforms that offer real-time visibility into labor demand and supply.

3. Segment the workforce

Categorize your workforce into tiers: core staff, specialized contractors, and general labor pools. This segmentation improves workforce coordination while helping with budgeting, compliance management, and risk reduction. Furthermore, identify and lock in specialized roles early (e.g., inspectors, welders, and confined space workers) due to their limited availability.

4. Build in flexibility with contingency pools

Even the best plans face disruptions. For instance, weather, equipment issues, or scope changes can increase labor needs. Thus, plan for this by maintaining a vetted contingency pool of trained and badged workers who can be mobilized quickly.

5. Digitize onboarding and credentialing

Avoid bottlenecks at the gate as they can disrupt your entire timeline. Use digital platforms to pre-onboard contractors, verify certifications, and conduct remote safety training. By the time workers arrive on-site, they should be fully credentialed and ready to contribute.

6. Monitor workforce performance in real-time

Don’t wait until the end of the STO to assess performance. Use real-time dashboards to track workforce KPIs like attendance, task completion, productivity, and safety incidents. This enables course corrections on the fly and better planning for the next STO cycle.

7.  Optimize scheduling to prevent worker fatigue

Extended hours and back-to-back shifts lead to burnout and safety issues. Therefore, use shift planning tools that factor in rest requirements. Fatigue management should be built into scheduling algorithms, not left to chance.

Workforce planning for large-scale STOs isn’t just an administrative task. it’s a strategic driver of safety, efficiency, and cost control.

By starting early, leveraging technology, and building in flexibility, organizations can transform workforce planning from a pain point into a competitive advantage.

Ready to elevate your STO workforce planning strategy? Discover how Cleopatra’s STO management software and predictive insights can help you plan smarter, act faster, and deliver better outcomes.

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